http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirhind-Fategarh
By Road:Fatehgarh Sahib is 43 km from Chandigarh, 53 km from Ambala, 62 km from Ludhiana, 148 km from Saharanpur, 161 km from Shimla, 204 km from Dehradun, 213 km from Haridwar, 271 km from New Delhi and is connected through Punjab State Road Transport Corporation (PSRTC) and some private travel services.
Sirhind-Fategarh
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| Sirhind-Fatehgarh ਸਰਹਿੰਦ-ਫ਼ਤਿਹਗੜ੍ਹ | |
|---|---|
| city and municipal council | |
 
Sirhind-Fatehgarh
| |
| Coordinates: 30°22′N 76°14′ECoordinates: 30°22′N 76°14′E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Punjab |
| District | Fatehgarh Sahib |
| Population (2013) | |
| • Total | 60,852 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Punjabi |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| [3] | |
Sirhind-Fatehgarh (Punjabi: ਸਰਹਿੰਦ-ਫ਼ਤਿਹਗੜ੍ਹ) is a city and a municipal council in Fatehgarh Sahib district in theIndian state of Punjab.
Contents
[hide]Demographics[edit]
As of 2013 India census,[1] Sirhind-Fategarh had a population of 60852. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Sirhind-Fatehgarh has an average literacy rate of 80%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 76%. In Sirhind-Fatehgarh, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Etymology[edit]
According to popular notion, the present name of the city, Sirhind, comes from 'Sar-i hind', meaning the Frontier of Hind, as Mughal invaders saw it as the 'gateway to Hindustan'.[2][3] However, a 5th-century AD tribe 'Sairindhas Aryans, which inhabited this area, might have also led to its present name.[4]
History[edit]
Main article: History of Sirhind
Sirhind has been known as a small township from the beginning of the Christian era. Varahamihira (505 – 587) in his Sanskrit treatise, Brihat Samhita, mentions the city as 'Satudar Desh', later it was inhabited by a tribe of 'Sairindhas Aryans, leading to its present name.[4]
According to Huan Tsang, the Chinese traveller who visited India during the seventh century, Sirhind was the capital of the district of Shitotulo, or Shatadru (the present day River Sutlej).[5]
In 1012, it became the capital of the 'Hindushahi' dynasty and remained so till the end of the 12th century, when it was taken over by the Chauhans.[6] Later during the rule of Prithvi Raj Chauhan (1168–1192), the Hindu Rajput ruler of Delhi, it became his military outpost.
It further rose in glory during the Mughal Empire, when it became its provincial capital, controlling the Lahore-DelhiHighway, the Grand Trunk Road. During the Mughal era, Sirhind was the name for Malwa, since it was the area's capital city. Sirhind was the headquarters or the Mughal administration in Eastern Punjab. Many European travellers describe its splendours, and it also developed into a center of cultural activity.[7]
Sirhind was known for the dozens of saints, scholars, poets, historians, calligraphers and scribes who lived there. A large number of buildings survive from this period, including the fort named 'Aam Khas Bagh'; it is said that in its heyday, the city had 360 mosques, gardens, tombs, caravansarais and wells. It has also been home to 16th-century saint of theNaqshbandi order, 'Ahmad Sirhindi' (c1564-1624), whose mausoleum, the Rauza Sharif is situated in Sirhind.[2]
Beginning with the first decade of the eighteenth century, with the Mughal hegemony on the wane, Sirhind was plundered repeatedly by the Sikhs, Marathas and Afghans. An important event in the history of the city, was the live entombment of the two sons of the tenth Guru of the Sikhs, Sri Guru Gobind Singh on 12 December 1705, by the Governor of Sirhind, Wazir Khan,[8] the place is today commemorated by Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib, 5 km. north of the Sirhind.[9] This action further soured relations between the Sikhs and the Mughals and the city faced many attacks.
How to reach Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib[edit]
One can visit Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib through various means of transport. Those are as follows -
By Air:The nearest International Airport from Fatehgarh Sahib is Chandigarh International Airport, roughly one hour drive from the district headquarters. It is well connected to the major cities like Amritsar, New Delhi, Bangalore, Mumbai, Goa, Ahmedabad, Jaipur and Leh via Air Mantra, Air India, Jagson Airlines, Jet Airways and Kingfisher Airlines.
By Train:The major Railway Stations in this District are located at Fatehgarh Sahib City and Sirhind town. The Railway Station at Fatehgarh Sahib is located on Sirhind-Nangal Railway Line which is served by Northern Railways. The Sirhind Junction Railway Station is located on Delhi-Amritsar Section of Northern Railways. Many Regular as well as Super Fast Trains halt here.
By Air:The nearest International Airport from Fatehgarh Sahib is Chandigarh International Airport, roughly one hour drive from the district headquarters. It is well connected to the major cities like Amritsar, New Delhi, Bangalore, Mumbai, Goa, Ahmedabad, Jaipur and Leh via Air Mantra, Air India, Jagson Airlines, Jet Airways and Kingfisher Airlines.
By Train:The major Railway Stations in this District are located at Fatehgarh Sahib City and Sirhind town. The Railway Station at Fatehgarh Sahib is located on Sirhind-Nangal Railway Line which is served by Northern Railways. The Sirhind Junction Railway Station is located on Delhi-Amritsar Section of Northern Railways. Many Regular as well as Super Fast Trains halt here.
By Road:Fatehgarh Sahib is 43 km from Chandigarh, 53 km from Ambala, 62 km from Ludhiana, 148 km from Saharanpur, 161 km from Shimla, 204 km from Dehradun, 213 km from Haridwar, 271 km from New Delhi and is connected through Punjab State Road Transport Corporation (PSRTC) and some private travel services.
Education Institutions in Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib[edit]
- Guru Granth Sahib World Sikh University,Fatehgarh Sahib
- Baba Banda Singh Bahadur Engineering College,Fatehgarh Sahib
- Mata Gujri College,Fatehgarh Sahib
- Baba Banda Singh Bahadur Polytechnic College,Fatehgarh Sahib
- M G Ashoka Girls College,Sirhind
- Lincoln College of Law, Sirhind
- Jesus Saviour School,Sirhind
- Saffron College for Girls,Kotla Bajwara
- BZSFS.SEN.SEC PUBLIC SCHOOL,Fatehgarh Sahib
- Saffron City School,Kotla Bajwara,Fatehgarh Sahib
- Dyanand High School,Sirhind
- Divine Light School,Sirhind
- Mata Sundri Public School,Fatehgarh Sahib
- Sirhind Public School,Sirhind
- Ashoka Sen. Sec. School,Sirhind
- Baba Dyalpuri Sen.sec.school,Sirhind
Hotels & Restaurants in Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib[edit]
- Hotel Noor Mahal Regency,Fatehgarh Sahib
- Hotel Palm Regency,Chandigarh Road,Sirhind
- Virk Hotel,Sirhind
- Taj Motel,Sirhind
- Sahil Motel,GT Road Sirhind
- McDonald's, Rajpura Road
- Subway,Bassi Road
Historical & Religious places in Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib[edit]
- Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib
- Gurdwara Jyoti Sarup
- Gurdwara Shahid Ganj
- Rauza Sharif
- Tomb of Ustad and Shagird
- Tomb of Mir-I-Miran, Sirhind
- Aam Khas Bagh,Sirhind
- Mata Shri Chakreshwari Devi Jain Temple Village Attewali (Sirhind)
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