Which Indian elites fled during 1999 Kargil war?
Thanks for A2A, Here is your response.
Short answer is None!!
Long answer is that it was July 4th 1999 when the Clinton administration knew that Pakistani army was planning a nuclear misadventure. In fact this was the date when Nawaz Sharif landed in Washington for a dialogue with Bill Clinton.
Here is the quote and the reference:-
On the eve of Sharif’s arrival, we learned that Pakistan might be preparing its nuclear forces for deployment. There was, among those of us preparing for the meeting, a sense of vast and nearly unprecedented peril. When Clinton assembled his advisers in the Oval Office for a last minute huddle, Sandy told him that overnight we had gotten more disturbing reports of steps Pakistan was taking with its nuclear arsenal. Clinton said he would like to use this information “to scare the hell out of Sharif.”[1]
Moreover, the meeting between Clinton and Sharif was a very ferocious encounter. There were many heated debates between the duo and ultimately, Clinton had his way and he convinced Sharif, to back out Pakistan from a nuclear standoff and climb down from the Kargil Peaks.
Clinton bore down harder. Having listened to Sharif’s complaints against the United States, he had a list of his own, and it started with terrorism. Pakistan was the principal sponsor of the Taliban, which in turn allowed Osama bin Laden to run his worldwide network out of Afghanistan. Clinton had asked Sharif repeatedly to cooperate in bringing Osama to justice. Sharif had promised to do so but failed to deliver. The statement the United States would make to the press would mention Pakistan’s role in supporting terrorism in Afghanistan—and, through its backing of Kashmiri militants, in India as well. Was that what Sharif wanted?
Clinton had worked himself back into real anger—his face flushed, eyes narrowed, lips pursed, cheek muscles pulsing, fists clenched. He said it was crazy enough for Sharif to have let his military violate the Line of Control, start a border war with India, and now prepare nuclear forces for action. On top of that, he had put Clinton in the middle of the mess and set him up for a diplomatic failure.
Sharif seemed beaten, physically and emotionally. He denied he had given any orders with regard to nuclear weaponry and said he was worried for his life!!
Within a week of this meeting, the Pakistani Army started to retreat and by last week of July, the war was over and peace was reinstated.
This news of a nuclear war was not leaked to the media and layman and it was only known within the higher echelons and administrative circles.
During the 2001 and 2002 nuclear standoff, the missile which had been mobilized by both the countries were Hatf I and II (Pakistan) and Prithvi Missile (India). If you look at both these missile they don't have a range of more than 300Km and they would not have posed any significant threat to mumbai or delhi. These missile were only meant for command and control centers of the enemy which are close to the border. Moreover, the use of nuclear missile against civilian targets is not permissible under any circumstances.
Therefore there is no question of Indian elites fleeing India
On the lighter note, US Visa requires more that 2 weeks to be granted and its not that easy to get it in a week even if it was known that war would occur!
;), :), :)..
For further reading and references.
[1] The Day A Nuclear Conflict Was Averted
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