Tuesday, 5 January 2016

Jainism - An introduction to Tirthankars

JAIN TIRTHANKARAS- AN INTRODUCTION



In Jainism, Tirthankaras are human beings who have destroyed all their Ghati(destructive) karmas and become leaders and spiritual role models for those seeking salvation. They are entirely free of desires, passions and dwell exclusively within their soul. Due to their high degree of purity and spiritual advancement, they have unlimited powers which they use solely for the spiritual upliftment of mankind. At the end of their life span the Tirthankar becomes a Siddha ending the cycles of birth and death. Time or Kaal is beginningless and endless according to Jain philosophy. In each half cycle of time, 24 Tirthankaras are born. Thus in every time cycle 48 Tirthankaras are born in two batches of 24. The previous lives of Tirthankars were usually royalty as recorded in Jain tradition and their clan was usually recorded in legendary Hindu history.
There were 24 Tirthankaras who established the fourfold Sangha order consisting of monks, nuns, laymen and laywomen, namely Sadhus, Sadhvi, Shravak, Shravika respectively.
They were-
1.   Rishabha
2.   Ajitnath
3.   Sambhavanath
4.   Abhinandanath
5.   Sumatinath
6.   Padmaprabh
7.   Suparshvanath
8.   Chandraprabhu
9.   Pushpadanta or Suvidhina
10. Sheetalnath
11. Shreyansanath
12. Vasupujya
13. Vimalnath
14. Ananthnath
15. Dharmanath
16. Shantinath
17. Kunthunath
18 Aranath
19. Mallinath
20. Munisuvrata
21. Nami Natha
22. Neminath
23. Parshvanath
24. Mahavir
Major Events of Tirthankaras celebrated
1.   Chyavana Kalyanak-When the Tirthankar’s soul is conceived in the mother’s womb.
2.   Janma Kalyanak- When the Tirthankar’s soul is born.
3.   Diksha Kalyanak- When the Tirthankar’s soul gives up worldly possessions and becomes a monk
4.  Kevaljnana Kalyanak-when the Tirthankar’s soul destroys the four ghati karmas and attains Kevaljnana or Absolute knowledge and delivers the first sermon.
5.   Nirvana Kalyanak-When the Tirthankar’s soul is liberated and he becomes a Siddha or liberated soul.

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