Russian traditional costumes
Russian national costume was born in the 12-13 centuries, and until the 18th century it was worn almost all strata of Russian society - the kings and nobles, merchants, craftsmen and peasants.
Later, after the cultural transformation of Peter I, a suit was the division of social status in the "urban" and "rural" = peasant.Urban began to follow Western European models, and the peasant has kept its national identity until the early 20th century.
Historians suppose that traditional Russian costume started taking its shape in the 12th-13th centuries. Up to the 18th century it fitted well all layers of Russian society: it was worn by tsars, boyars, merchants, craftsmen, and peasants.
After Peter's decrees (18 th century) Russian nobility and the city have undergone costumes Europeanization. However, the national (folk) Russian costume was popular in the villages till the beginning of 20 thcentury.
The basis of the female costume was a longshirt. Shirts are usually adorned with rich embroidery, sometimes - pearls. Over the shirt wore sundresses (sleeveless dresses) or ponёvy (homespun skirt). The most best and beautiful color for sundresses and skirts was considered to red (the word "red" in the old-Russian language and means "beautiful").
The Russian women's costume was based on the "rubakha" (a linen shirt or blouse). It was made flaxen embroidery, silk lace, golden threads and spangles. Collars and sleeves were decorated extensively.
On the feast of the head adorned kokoshnikwhich was embroidered with pearls, sequins and gold and silver ornaments.Kokoshnik family values and was handed down from generation to generation. He has been a mandatory part of a wedding dowry.
In the men's costume was part of a long (to the knee), shirt-blouse, They are worn on the issue and always with a belt. Lapti wove bast of birchbark.
The basis of the female costume was a longshirt. Shirts are usually adorned with rich embroidery, sometimes - pearls. Over the shirt wore sundresses (sleeveless dresses) or ponёvy (homespun skirt). The most best and beautiful color for sundresses and skirts was considered to red (the word "red" in the old-Russian language and means "beautiful").
By the early 20th century the most widespread women costumes were of two types: the South Russian one with poneva, ie a homespun woollen skirt, and the Mid-Russian one with a sarafan, ie a kind of sleeveless dress. The typical color of the and sarafan skirts was red, as this color literally translates to "beautiful".
On the feast of the head adorned kokoshnikwhich was embroidered with pearls, sequins and gold and silver ornaments.Kokoshnik family values and was handed down from generation to generation. He has been a mandatory part of a wedding dowry.
Most of the One common type of festive head-dress was the "kokoshnik", it wasmasterfully decorated with river pearls, meshwork of pearls, golden and silver needlework, coloured foil and decorative stones. Head-dress The was treasured in the family and handed down, and was an integral element of a well-off bride 's dowry.
In the men's costume was part of a long (to the knee), shirt-blouse, They are worn on the issue and always with a belt. Lapti wove bast of birchbark.
In the late 19th century, it has become widely popular in Russia cap - cap, a cap with a visor that adorn the flower.
's Men costume was composed of a long shirt (rubakha- kosovorotk - a shirt with a stand-up collar fastening on the side),trousers (porty), a belt (poyas- kushak), andbast shoes (boots later). The woven shoes commonly made from fibres of the birch tree.No longer worn in modern times, today they are a decorative piece hanging in people's homes. Cap The (kartuz) came into being in the late 19th century, and it was decorated with a flower.
In winter, put on coats and Alenka. Fur coats worn by peasants and nobles nobles and the king. In Russia, it was decided to sew fur fur inside. No matter how expensive was not fur, he served as a lining. Top coat coating materials: poor people - cloth, the rich - brocade or velvet. In winter men woreshapku- earflaps or Treukhov. Womenwinter wool tied painted shawls and knitted downy shawls.
In winter, put on coats and Alenka. Fur coats worn by peasants and nobles nobles and the king. In Russia, it was decided to sew fur fur inside. No matter how expensive was not fur, he served as a lining. Top coat coating materials: poor people - cloth, the rich - brocade or velvet. In winter men woreshapku- earflaps or Treukhov. Womenwinter wool tied painted shawls and knitted downy shawls.
Winter In, Russians wore the fur coat(shuba) and wool felt footwear (valenki). It was extremely practical and effective in a cold northern climate. Shubas were made of fur turned inside or 'wrong-side out'. The traditional male warm hat with flaps - ushanka (derived from the word ushi - ears) or treukh - was used to protect the ears from cold. Woman worn the traditional Russian knitting shawls and beautiful wool 100% Pavlov Posad scarves.
Russian Dolls in costumes
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